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Hyperledger Cactus

Apr 06
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Call for Applications: 2022 Hyperledger Mentorship Program

By Hyperledger Blog, Hyperledger Aries, Hyperledger Besu, Hyperledger Bevel, Hyperledger Cactus, Hyperledger Fabric, Hyperledger Indy, Hyperledger Mentorship Program, Hyperledger Ursa

Want to jump start a career in blockchain development? Ready to build hands-on skills developing leading-edge open source technologies? Looking to work directly with mentors who are invested in you and your work? Then the Hyperledger Mentorship Program is for you. 

Now in its sixth year, the Hyperledger Mentorship Program provides a structured and guided learning opportunity for anyone, at any career stage, looking to get started in the open source movement. With full and part time options, fully remote work and a stipend, the projects are designed to be a pathway to becoming a contributor to the Hyperledger community that work for students, people in career transition and anyone else who wants to develop or sharpen their knowledge of cutting-edge blockchain technologies. Applications are now open.

This year, the Hyperledger Mentorship Program has grown to 30 planned part and full-time projects covering a range of technologies, challenges and technical difficulty levels and includes non-development projects such as Ecosystem Analysis and Developer Marketing. Each project is designed and proposed by active members of the Hyperledger community. Those who propose the projects serve as the mentors and work closely with their mentees on developing a project plan, setting milestones and solving problems. Mentees can expect regular evaluations and feedback. For more about the program, including the schedule and stipend details, go here.

Over the last five years, more than 70 mentees have completed Hyperledger Mentorship projects. Each of these mentees have made concrete contributions to Hyperledger projects and built important connections in the community. Some, like Bertrand Rioux, have gone on to become mentors themselves:

“I was accepted into the Hyperledger mentorship program last year after seeking a community to help advance my professional goals of developing software for climate action. I was fortunate to find a diverse group of mentors that helped me build the knowledge and skills I needed to effectively contribute to the Hyperledger open source community and to have the opportunity to develop technical expertise in a field I was actively working in. In addition to delivering a secure identity management solution for a Hyperledger Fabric Network, I started contributing my own ideas to the open source operating system for climate action. As a result, I am now taking a leadership role in the community. In addition to serving as mentor in this year’s program, I proposed a project on reducing waste emission in the oil & gas industry that was accepted.” – Bertrand Rioux, Independent Energy Consultant and Mentor for the Multiple Data Integration to Hyperledger Fabric Climate Accounting Network project

To learn more about the Hyperledger Mentorship experience and outcomes, check out these  spotlights on last year’s projects with highlights from both the mentors and mentees.

Read on for descriptions of some of the projects planned for this year:

Multiple Data Integration to Hyperledger Fabric Climate Accounting Network

The Hyperledger Labs blockchain-carbon-accounting project includes a Hyperledger Fabric network for recording the carbon and Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions that cause climate change.  Since there are many activities that cause such emissions, the network is designed to accept data from multiple sources of measurements.  In this project, we will demonstrate integrations from measurement sources with blockchain networks by integrating the ThoughtWorks cloud computing emissions calculator, the NREL OpenPath mobile application, and other web- and mobile-based API’s sources to turn instrumented readings into emissions measurements. It will leverage previous projects involving Hyperledger Cactus, Vault security engines, and client security for Hyperledger Fabric.

The expected outcomes of this project are

  • Successful integration of the mobile apps and API’s with Hyperledger Fabric
  • Benchmark comparison of Hyperledger Fabric and alternatives
  • Documentation and tutorials for integrating future data sources

Demonstrate Interoperability using Hyperledger Bevel and Cactus

Hyperledger Cactus support ledger Interoperability but use a local deployment for testing; Hyperledger Bevel supports production-worthy deployments. This project aims to support Cactus deployment using Bevel to demonstrate production-like usage of Hyperledger Cactus. 

The steps will be following:

  1. Deploy a Hyperledger Fabric network using Bevel on a Managed Kubernetes cluster
  2. Deploy a GoQuorum network using Bevel on a Managed Kubernetes cluster (can be the same cluster for simplicity).
  3. Make changes in Hyperledger Bevel code to deploy the Cactus connectors in both the above networks.
  4. Run Cactus test cases.

The expected outcomes of this project are

  • Successful Interoperability testing using Cactus on  production like DLT networks.
  • Update to Hyperledger Bevel code to automatically deploy the Cactus plugins.
  • Update to Documentation of Bevel and Cactus.
  • Detailed tutorials and learning materials which would benefit Bevel and Cactus communities.

Hyperledger Fabric-Ethereum token bridging

One of the key use cases of blockchain integration is asset bridging: in essence, “locking” an asset (typically, a native coin or token) in a smart contract on its authoritative ledger and making available corresponding, newly minted (wrapped/shadow/…) assets on another. By now, bridging is supported by quite mature solutions in the cryptoworld; however, the same is not true for “consortial” distributed ledger technologies. At the same time, such functionality can be expected to become an important requirement in the not too distant future: for instance, a central bank may choose to create a high performance, Hyperledger Fabric-based Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) ledger with a strongly controlled set of “smart contracts,” but allow controlled “bridging out” of the currency to dedicated distributed ledgers of industrial/enterprise cooperations. 

Last year, a CBDC prototype with such functionality was created at the Dept. of Measurement and Information Systems of the Budapest University of Technology and Economics (BME), in a research project supported by the central bank of Hungary (MNB); our initial experience with a custom Hyperledger Cactus and TokenBridge based solution showed that this is a problem worth more targeted experimentation and systematic R&D.

The expected outcomes of this project are

  • Report on asset representation in Hyperledger Fabric and mapping approaches to standard Ethereum tokens
  • Report on bridging approaches and technologies and their applicability for bridging from/to Fabric
  • Requirement specification
  • Design specification
  • Prototype implementation and small demo of bridging at least ERC-20 or ERC-721 to Ethereum – and back

Client Connector for Hyperledger Besu

Develop a connector that provides both synchronous and asynchronous modes of interacting with a running Hyperledger Besu node. The connector would act as an interface between an enterprise application and the Hyperledger Besu node for data ingestions and it could provide event subscription options.

The scope of the project would also include an end-to-end test on a sample network.

The expected outcomes of this project are

  • Design and implement the connector.
  • A new Hyperledger Labs project is proposed with a documentation.

GVCR: Secure Verifiable Credential Registries (VCR) for GitHub & GitLab

As conceptualized and standardized by the W3C, the Verifiable Credentials protocol is one of the three pillars of Self-Sovereign Identity, together with the Decentralized Identifiers protocol (DIDs) and Distributed Ledger Technology (or Blockchain). The project aims to design and build a verifiable credential registry (VCR) on GitHub repository, namely GitHub-based Verifiable Credential Registry (GVCR), by leveraging existing GitHub APIs, and other open-source tools provided by other Hyperledger projects, such as Hyperledger Aries, Hyperledger Indy, and Hyperledger Ursa. The basic architecture is already built. For more details about the conceptional design and workflows, please refer to the GitHub repository GitHub-VCR.

The expected outcomes of this project are

  • A verifiable credential registry based on one or more GitHub repositories.
  • Command-Line utility to automate the process of verification of a credential.
  • Proper test cases and documentation.
  • Codebase maintained with proper read me document.

The Hyperledger Summer Mentorship Program is part of the Linux Foundation’s overall commitment to mentoring. The application process is being managed through LFX Mentorship, a platform created by the Linux Foundations to train future open source leaders. 

Check out the full list of mentorship projects and start your application today. The deadline to apply is May 10. Mentees from diverse communities are encouraged to apply. All are welcome here!

Mar 17
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Hyperledger Cactus: Release V1 on the Road to General Blockchain Integration

By Peter Somogyvari at Accenture and Takuma Takeuchi at Fujitsu Limited Blog, Hyperledger Cactus

Since its inception as a Hyperledger project almost two years ago, Hyperledger Cactus has come a long way. Today, the maintainers are excited to announce a version 1 release that supports many exciting integration applications and moves us in the direction of our “dream” modular architecture.

For creating a new token economy beyond financial and non-financial areas, blockchain interoperability has an essential role in interacting with multiple blockchains in various industries. But it is challenging to develop codes integrating with multiple blockchains because the SDKs provided by each blockchain for posting transactions or getting block data are entirely different. So, this community published a blockchain interoperability tool called “Hyperledger Cactus” to help engineers integrate multiple blockchains easily.

Hyperledger Cactus is a pluggable enterprise-grade framework for transacting multiple blockchains. This project aims to provide a decentralized, adaptable and secure integration between blockchains and various platforms. Cactus codes are composed of three types of parts.  “Cactus Servers” provide abstracted APIs that can be uniformly called independent of each blockchain SDK’s format, and APIs that can use each blockchain SDK wrapped with the typescript-axios API format using Cactus API Server. “Business Logic Plugins” coordinate cross-blockchain business logic applications. “Ledger Connectors” facilitate connections to various blockchains, including all the blockchains of Graduated Hyperledger projects.

The Hyperledger Cactus v1 release includes the following modules:

  • Ledger Connectors – connectors to communicate with various blockchain platforms using multiple programming languages: (TypeScript and Python)
    • Hyperledger Besu
    • Hyperledger Fabric
    • Hyperledger Indy
    • Hyperledger Iroha
    • Hyperledger Sawtooth
    • Corda
    • Go-Ethereum
    • Quorum
    • Xdai
  • Business Logic Plugin samples – the application integrates multiple blockchains:
    • supply-chain-app: management application of supply chains process using Hyperledger Besu, Fabric, and Quorum
    • carbon-accounting: carbon accounting application using Ethereum and Hyperledger Fabric
    • discounted-cartrade: car ownership trading application using Ethereum currency, tokens on Hyperledger Fabric, and digital identity certification using Hyperledger Indy
    • electricity-trade: automatic electricity payment application using Ethereum currency, whose events are triggered by electricity metering transactions on Hyperledger Sawtooth.
  • Keychain Plugins – A set of plugins for storing sensitive information in storage engines outside of Cactus.  Currently, these plugins support AWS, GCP, Azure, and Hashicorp Vault
  • Support Libraries – Various utility libraries that simplify programming business logic plugins. These are great for setting up your applications and can even help your test automation, where the simulation of a new blockchain is required with the lowest possible resource usage.

As part of the continual effort to mitigate risks, the current 1.0.0 release is undergoing a a third-party security audit at the time of this writing.The process will take about 6 to 8 weeks to complete, but we are planning to keep the 1.0.0 API stability in place as dictated by the semantic versioning rules.

It’s effortless to try out Hyperledger Cactus today. We provide instructions for running a sample implementation of the Business Logic Plugins (service applications in Hyperledger Cactus architecture) that takes advantage of various blockchain platform features so you can evaluate Hyperledger Cactus on your PC.

It is even possible to set up a container with a supply chain example using a single command-line command! Here is a link to this example. We encourage you to see for yourself how easy it can be to get started with blockchain integration using Hyperledger Cactus.

Our long-term architectural goals for Hyperledger Cactus are to offer a flexible, modular system that allows users to configure blockchain integration systems to fit their needs exactly. We want users to reuse code as much as possible while still avoiding code bloat and duplication in the features. In future releases, we will actively cooperate with other Interoperability infrastructures besides Cactus, and we hope to provide more user-friendly tools by incorporating more features.

(Note: for more on the Hyperledger interoperability ecosystem, read Why is Interoperability Needed?)

We would love to welcome you into the Hyperledger Cactus community.  Unlike our project namesake, we are not prickly!  Whether you want to contribute or are just interested in using Cactus, we would love to connect.

It’s easy to get in touch with us!  The simplest way is to reach out on the Hyperledger Cactus Discord channel. (New to Discord? Go here for more and to get signed up.) We have pair programming sessions set up for new contributors and users almost daily (please check the Hyperledger calendar), so we would be more than happy to help if you would like to contribute or want help getting up and running. We look forward to hearing from you!

Feb 09
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Hyperledger Technologies Dominant for Enterprise Blockchain Deployments on 2022 Forbes Blockchain 50

By Hyperledger Blog, Hyperledger Besu, Hyperledger Cactus, Hyperledger Fabric, Hyperledger Indy

“You’ve come a long way, blockchain!” declares Forbes in the 2022 Blockchain 50, an annual list that tracks how billion dollar companies from around the world are innovating with the technology. Now in its fourth year, the Forbes Blockchain 50 has evolved just as much as this market. 

The mainstreaming of both cryptocurrencies and their underlying technologies have reshaped business around the world. For many companies on the list, the innovation comes from new models of investing and transacting in crypto markets. But, as Forbes put it, “Cryptocurrencies hog the spotlight, but blockchain’s biggest innovations are below the surface, saving billions each year for the world’s largest companies.”

For the companies on the list that have made blockchain technology a core foundation of their business operations, Hyperledger technologies, particularly Hyperledger Fabric, continue to be the standard. At least 13 companies on this year’s list have built their strategic networks on Hyperledger technologies, far outpacing any other technology or platform among these kinds of deployments. 

Hyperledger Besu, Hyperledger Indy and Hyperledger Cactus are also named as key technologies by companies on the list, highlighting the value of Hyperledger Foundation’s multi-project strategy.

Congratulations to Hyperledger Foundation members DTCC, Fujitsu, Nornickel, Oracle, Tech Mahindra, Tencent and Walmart for making the Forbes Blockchain 50 in 2022. Read more on how Tech Mahindra, Walmart and other member companies are using Hyperledger technologies in our growing library of case studies.

Feb 02
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Why is Interoperability Needed?

By Hyperledger Cactus, Hyperledger FireFly, Weaver and YUI technical communities Blog, Hyperledger Cactus, Hyperledger Firefly, Hyperledger Labs

Blockchain interoperability is one of the crucial features of blockchain technology, operating in three main vectors: enabling scalability, diminishing risks and eliminating silos¹. This blog post focuses on interoperability projects connecting data and value silos.

Standardization bodies are pushing forward drafts to normalize operations across the different interoperability layers. Those working on standards includeOpen Digital Asset Protocol (ODAP) from IETF², the interoperability working group in Digital Currency Global Initiative (DCGI) at ITU³, the subgroup 7 (ISO/TC/SG7) from ISO TechnicalCommittee 307⁴, the Cross-Chain Interoperability working group at the Ethereum Enterprise Alliance⁵, and many others⁶. Interoperability solutions can follow guidelines from standardization bodies for seamless integration across their targets and other interoperability solutions.

Several blockchain interoperability projects focusing on solutions for interoperability among public blockchains flourished in the last years⁶. However, enterprise-grade interoperability solutions have only recently emerged, and the necessary standardization effort is still in its infancy. Although many different categorizations exist⁶, we can broadly classify interoperability solutions into two categories with different philosophies and approaches. In the first, a common “settlement” chain (or hub) is created as a permanent infrastructure to which other chains (e.g., “sidechains”) can connect; the common chain serves as an interoperation medium, offering decentralized trust guarantees to the sidechains for the settlement of cross-chain transactions. Cosmos7 and Polkadot8 exemplify this approach, which is particularly suited to public blockchains and distributed ledgers. 

In the second category of interoperability solutions, a blockchain network, be it public or private, is augmented with modules and capabilities that allow it to interoperate directly with another network without depending on third-party infrastructure. This second category, into which Hyperledger Cactus9 and the Hyperledger Lab Weaver10 fall, is useful in enterprise scenarios where privacy as well as performance are core concerns. Both these approaches have their pros and cons, which are scenario dependent. 

The Hyperledger community has been involved in notable efforts to advance open source solutions that respond to modern interoperation needs, which can be wide-ranging, and provides a collection of solutions from which blockchain users and consortia can select as per their requirements. This post explores how four technologies (two projects and two labs) under the Hyperledger umbrella approach the interoperability problem (public blockchains – consortium blockchains – centralized systems), comparing them across multiple criteria. 

Hyperledger Cactus

Hyperledger Cactus is a pluggable enterprise-grade framework to transact on multiple distributed ledgers without introducing yet another competing blockchain. It’s an SDK of SDKs.

Hyperledger Cactus aims to provide Decentralized, Adaptable and Secure Integration to and between Blockchain Networks. It aims to cover as many protocols as possible through an extensible plugin architecture where new protocols or functionality can be added by creating new plugins.

Hyperledger FireFly

Hyperledger FireFly provides an API orchestration layer over multiple blockchain ledgers, fostering interoperability in the application tier. Allowing common blockchain programming constructs like tokens, off-chain/on-chain data orchestration, and identity verification to be implemented in pluggable microservice code modules against multiple blockchains. Patterns already implemented that span multiple chains in a single business transaction, include using a Hyperledger Fabric DLT for private business agreement and document verification, orchestrated with tokenized value transfer on a separate Ethereum blockchain. FireFly also provides an API layer into which blockchain interoperability platforms can plug into in the future, for a simplified developer experience.

Weaver

Weaver, a Hyperledger Lab, is a framework with a family of protocols to enable interoperation for data sharing and asset movements between independent networks built on heterogeneous DLTs in a manner that preserves the core blockchain tenets of decentralization and security.

Interoperation using Weaver does not rely on trusted mediators. Rules and requirements are framed using the networks’ internal governance mechanisms. Interoperation relies minimally on shared infrastructure, which may provide identity services but does not play a part in core protocols through which data and assets are shared. Interoperation occurs through protocols that derive their trust from the counterparty networks’ native consensus mechanisms.

Currently, a protocol for data sharing across ledgers with proof of authenticity and provenance is supported (for Fabric and Corda). We are currently adding a new protocol that enables asset exchanges using the HTLC pattern.

YUI

YUI is a Hyperledger Lab that achieves interoperability between multiple heterogeneous ledgers. The lab provides modules and middleware for cross-chain communication as well as modules and tools for cross-chain application development.

For cross-chain communication, YUI is based on Inter Blockchain Communication (IBC) protocol by Cosmos project, with extensions to support various Hyperledger projects. IBC provides the basis for ledgers’ interaction of arbitrary data transfer and computation without the assumption of the trusted third party. 

Currently YUI supports cross-authentication between enterprise ledgers (Fabric, Besu and Corda). Each actor of ledgers has to interact with only a respective ledger of its interest to complete a cross-chain operation such as  an atomic swap of tokens.

Feature Matrix of Projects

Legend

✅: Supported
❌: Out of Scope or not in the current roadmap
📝: Design/PoC but no official implementation
🏗️: Not *yet* supported

Feature NameYUI Hyperledger CactusWeaver Hyperledger FireFly
Remote API access🏗️✅✅✅
Standard Data Model✅(a)🏗️ ❌❌
Client Language bindings – NodeJS❌(b)🏗️✅✅ (d)
Client Language bindings – JVM❌🏗️✅✅ (d)
Client Language bindings – Rust❌🏗️❌✅ (d)
Client Language bindings – .NET❌🏗️❌✅ (d)
Client Contract Language bindings – Go❌🏗️✅✅ (e)
Contract Language bindings – NodeJS❌🏗️✅✅ (e)
Contract Language bindings – JVM❌🏗️✅✅ (e)

Contract Language bindings – Rust
❌🏗️❌✅ (e)

Contract Language bindings – .NET
❌🏗️❌✅ (e)

Trusted Relays
✅✅✅✅
Trustless Relayer✅✅✅🏗️
Generic Data Exports🏗️🏗️🏗️❌
Ledger Data Backups❌🏗️❌❌
Blockchain of Blockchains – To Store Data (e.g. Transactions)✅❌🏗️🏗️
Blockchain of Blockchains – To Store Network Information🏗️❌🏗️🏗️
Cross-authentication – light client✅🏗️❌🏗️
Cross-authentication – Federated via other identity providers✅🏗️📝📝
Arbitrary data transfer and computation✅✅✅✅
Exactly-once operation✅🏗️🏗️❌
Handling misbehaviour✅🏗️🏗️🏗️
Does not incorporate interaction between new actor(s)✅🏗️✅✅
Generate state proofs for external consumption✅✅✅❌
Verify state proofs independently, without becoming a network insider✅✅✅❌
Move assets from one ledger to another✅(c)✅✅✅
Copy assets across ledgers while retaining provenance knowledge✅(c)🏗️✅✅
Atomically exchange assets in different ledgers✅(c)🏗️✅🏗️
Accountability (auditability) for data, assets, transactions that involved interoperation✅🏗️🏗️🏗️
Cross-network identity management (including authentication)🏗️🏗️📝🏗️
Ability to support complex queries✅✅🏗️✅
Ability to support cross-network smart contracts (ledger–>ledger invocations)✅🏗️🏗️✅
End-to-end confidentiality🏗️🏗️📝✅
Privacy-preserving queries🏗️🏗️🏗️🏗️
Support for network discovery and connection bootstrapping🏗️🏗️🏗️✅
Support for routing data and assets via intermediate networks📝🏗️🏗️✅

Future Work for 2022 Q1 

  • Hyperledger Cactus
    • Support for the Open Digital Asset Protocol (ODAP)
    • Improved documentation and more examples (similar to fabric-samples)
    • Increased number of maintainers
    • Public test deployment of a Cactus network
    • Cactus benchmarks that are reproducible by anyone the same way the functional test cases are as long as they have access to a cloud provider account or a k8s cluster
  • Hyperledger FireFly
    • Multi-ledger support
    • Pluggable DID provider support
    • Pluggable API Security (e.g. OAuth 2.0)
    • Active-active clustering
    • NoSQL database support
  • Weaver
    • Implementation of cross-network decentralized identity and credential exchanges as trust basis for interoperation (currently in design spec)
    • Relay driver and support data/state view and asset transfers in Hyperledger Besu (Hyperledger Fabric and Corda already supported)
    • Relay module: more robustness (fault tolerance), add message queueing features, distribution and load balancing, make compatible with ODAP
    • Cross-network transaction invocation and event publish/subscribe
    • End-to-end confidentiality support for state and asset sharing
    • Augmented data/state sharing protocol to use verifiable external observation features through which the freshness of state can be verified
    • Improved documentation, tutorials, and testing features
    • Added performance evaluation capabilities
    • Inter-compatibility with Hyperledger Cactus through merged and aggregated features 
  • YUI
    • Other ledger support (possibly other Hyperledger projects)
    • Enhanced support for Solidity and Ethereum-based ledgers
    • Enhanced support for connecting the Cosmos ecosystem (such as Tendermint light client for Solidity)
    • Improved documentation and release samples 

Notes:

a) Based on the Inter Blockchain Communication Protocol (IBC) (i.e., the specifications define packet data structure and the interface of handler of packets)
b) Developers only need to interact with the ledger and the framework does not incorporate another layer between them
c) Supported by auxiliary modules such as Cross framework
d) Hyperledger FireFly API is REST and JSON, so all language “bindings” are supported
e) Access to contracts via Hyperledger FireFly is also fully REST-ified, so all language bindings are supported

References:

1 – https://web.ist.utl.pt/~ist180970/papers/phd_cat_rafael_belchior.pdf
2 – https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-hargreaves-odap/02/
3 – https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-T/extcoop/dcgi/Pages/default.aspx
4 – https://www.iso.org/committee/6266604.html
5 – https://entethalliance.org/participate/working_groups/
6 – https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3471140
7 – https://v1.cosmos.network/
8 – https://polkadot.network/
9 – https://www.hyperledger.org/use/cactus
10 – https://github.com/hyperledger-labs/weaver-dlt-interoperability

Authors:

Rafael Belchior (Hyperledger Cactus), Nicko Guyer (Hyperledger FireFly), Jun Kimura (YUI), Hart Montgomery (Hyperledger Cactus), Venkatraman Ramakrishna (Weaver), Peter Somogyvari (Hyperledger Cactus), Susumu Toriumi (YUI), Dhinakaran Vinayagamurthy (Weaver), and Jim Zhang (Hyperledger FireFly)



Dec 14
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Hyperledger Mentorship Spotlight: Blockchain Integration for Climate Emissions Data with Fabric and Cactus

By Hyperledger Blog, Hyperledger Cactus, Hyperledger Fabric, Hyperledger Mentorship Program

The Hyperledger Mentorship Program is a structured hands-on learning opportunity for new developers who may otherwise lack the opportunity to gain exposure to Hyperledger open source development and entry to the technical community. These Mentorship Spotlights highlight the work done by the Mentors and the Mentees as part of their program participation. Learn more here.

 

Mentorship Project Title

Blockchain Integration for Climate Emissions Data with Fabric and Cactus

Description To implement an integration from Hyperledger Fabric utility emissions data channel to issue tokens on an Ethereum network using Hyperledger Cactus.
Status COMPLETED 
Difficulty HIGH 
Additional Details Learning Objectives, Expected Outcomes and Project Results available here.

Final Project Video

Mentee

Pritam Singh

Indian Insitute of Technology

“I contributed to making the carbon accounting application (a Hyperledger Lab from the Hyperledger Carbon Action SIG) more secure, stable and maintainable. To improve the security of the application, I designed and implemented offline signing of Hyperledger Fabric’s transactions with private keys stored in HashiCorp’s vault server. In order to make the application production ready, I used the Hyperledger Cactus connectors for integrating multiple blockchain. By employing test-driven development, I made the codebase more maintainable. Thanks to the guidance of all my mentors, I was able to achieve all my goals for the mentorship. 

Through this mentorship, I got the opportunity to see how community driven projects are developed with contributions coming from across the globe.”

Mentors

Si Chen

Open Source Strategies, Inc

Peter Somogyvari

Accenture

Kamlesh Nagware

Snapper Future Tech

Si Chen

“This mentorship addressed the important issue of how to integrate emissions data stored on Hyperledger Fabric with tokens created in Ethereum. Our mentee had strong technical skills and was able to solve many complex technical challenges in making this integration work. Working on open source projects is a great way for mentees to prepare for the real world as it will give them a chance to work with other developers across different areas, figure out existing code and learn the importance of communicating well. For mentors, it’s a great way to introduce new talent into our projects and keep them moving forward.”

Peter Somogyvari

“Being a mentor on this project gave me unique insight into the fight against climate change and put me in touch a lot of great people who are leading the charge on the latter. Pritam, our mentee, demonstrated excellent analytical and technical skills and a true understanding of the open-source software development principles, which puts him on track to do great things in the future both within and outside of the Linux Foundation/Hyperledger.”

Kamlesh Nagware

“Blockchain interoperability is a key topic this year with many enterprises focusing research on it. Hyperledger Cactus provides decentralized, secure and adaptable integration between blockchain networks. In this mentorship project, the main focus was on using Hyperledger Cactus for carbon accounting and carbon credit tokenization to support the blockchain-carbon-accounting project, a Hyperlegder Lab from the Climate Action SIG. Completion of this project shows that interoperability is not just a theory but can be achieved with the right design architecture and approach. Thanks to our mentee, Pritam Singh,  for a wonderful job completing this project. And, in the last, thanks to my co-mentors Peter Somogyvari, Cactus Maintainer, for his support and to Si Chen for the proposing this mentorship project.”

A special thanks to the Hyperledger member companies for funding this important program. To learn more about our Hyperledger Mentorship Program and how you can participate in our next cohort, head over to our program overview page on the Hyperledger wiki.

Dec 07
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Hyperledger Mentorship Spotlight: Visualization and Analysis of Cross-Chain Transactions

By Hyperledger Blog, Hyperledger Cactus, Hyperledger Mentorship Program

The Hyperledger Mentorship Program is a structured hands-on learning opportunity for new developers who may otherwise lack the opportunity to gain exposure to Hyperledger open source development and entry to the technical community. These Mentorship Spotlights highlight the work done by the Mentors and the Mentees as part of their program participation. Learn more here.

 

Mentorship Project Title

Visualization and Analysis of Cross-Chain Transactions

Description To advance the state of the art on understanding blockchain interoperability on the value/semantic layers.
Status COMPLETED 
Difficulty HIGH 
Additional Details Learning Objectives, Expected Outcomes and Project Results available here.

Final Project Video

Mentee

Iulia Mihaiu

Transilvania University of Brasov

“The Hyperledger Mentorship Program was my first glimpse into what it means to contribute to an open source project. From the beginning until the end, it was a great experience and a big challenge as research takes time and a lot of iterations. Through the mentorship project, I learned the concept of blockchain interoperability and developed a plugin for atomic cross-chain transactions. Moreover, I learned how to conduct a user study as well as the significance of collaboration within the open source community.

I’m super grateful that I had the opportunity to join this program, and I am extremely glad that I got a chance to work with my amazing mentors, as they were very supportive and open minded. I wouldn’t have been able to accomplish things without them.”

Mentors

Rafael Belchior

Ph.D. student in Computer Science and Engineering

Blockchain – Técnico Lisboa

Sabrina Scuri

Post-Doctoral Researcher

Interactive Technologies Institute

Rafael Belchior

“In this mentorship project, we looked beyond what it is the state of the art on cross-interoperability understanding. Iulia, our mentee, excelled at understanding a complex project such as Hyperledger Cactus and providing a first step towards analyzing and visualizing cross-chain transactions. In this way, Iulia directly contributed to the state of the art of blockchain interoperability.”

​Sabrina Scuri

“This mentorship project has been a very stimulating experience. We looked at blockchain interoperability from a multidisciplinary perspective. Iulia, our mentee, immediately understood the importance of adopting a holistic approach and positively responded to the socio-technical challenges she was presented with. She did an excellent job, and I hope there will be chances to work with her again in the future. “

A special thanks to the Hyperledger member companies for funding this important program. To learn more about our Hyperledger Mentorship Program and how you can participate in our next cohort, head over to our program overview page on the Hyperledger wiki.

Sep 29
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Hyperledger Mentorship Spotlight: Cactus-samples – Business Logic Plugins for Cactus

By Hyperledger Blog, Hyperledger Cactus, Hyperledger Mentorship Program

The Hyperledger Mentorship Program is a structured hands-on learning opportunity for new developers who may otherwise lack the opportunity to gain exposure to Hyperledger open source development and entry to the technical community. These Mentorship Spotlights highlight the work done by the Mentors and the Mentees as part of their program participation. Learn more here.

 

Mentorship Project Title

Cactus-samples – Business Logic Plugins for Cactus

Description To build Open Digital Asset Protocol as a business plugin of  Hyperledger Cactus to standardize cross chain transaction
Status COMPLETED 
Difficulty HIGH 
Additional Details Learning Objectives, Expected Outcomes and Project Results available here.

Final Project Video

Mentee

Tzu-Shen Wang

Texas A&M University

“Throughout this great experience, I’ve learned how to write cleaner code and develop in a test-driven fashion. Moreover, I learned the concept of blockchain interoperability and developed a standardized way to create atomic cross-chain transactions. Furthermore, I found that the Hyperledger open source community is quite friendly and people there are always willing to help. So do not hesitate to ask your questions! Lastly, big thanks to all my mentors. I would not be able to accomplish things without them.”

Mentor(s)

Peter Somogyvari

Accenture

Rafael Belchior

Técnico Lisboa

Peter Somogyvari
“Being a mentor on this project exposed me to academic paper collaboration as well as the implementation work itself. It provided me with an expanded view of possibilities for future collaborations, and I am lucky to have been a participant.

This project has also given me more information about how people interact with Hyperledger Cactus when they are new to it. This is very valuable for me as a  Hyperledger Cactus maintainer given that our top priority is to grow the open source software community around the project.

Jason did an excellent job, and I hope to work with him again in the future.”

Rafael Belchior
“In this mentorship, we took a research-oriented approach to help to solve cross-jurisdiction asset transfers by building on top of Hyperledger Cactus. Jason, our mentee, excelled at understanding and implementing a real-world protocol that aims to solve such problem, the Open Digital Asset Protocol – a protocol being discussed at the Internet Engineering Task Force. This way, Jason directly contributed to the state of the art of blockchain interoperability.”

A special thanks to the Hyperledger member companies for funding this important program. To learn more about our Hyperledger Mentorship Program and how you can participate in our next cohort, head over to our program overview page on the Hyperledger wiki.

Sep 27
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Maintainers from four Hyperledger projects to serve as code contribution guides during AnitaB.org Grace Hopper Celebration

By Hyperledger Blog, Hyperledger Besu, Hyperledger Cactus, Hyperledger Indy, Hyperledger Labs

Hyperledger is once again sponsoring the annual AnitaB.org Grace Hopper Celebration as a way of supporting leaders and future women technologists in our global community. Hyperledger and the Linux Foundation are committed to supporting women-led initiatives centered around recruitment and engagement like AnitaB.org.

This year, Hyperledger is putting its resources behind Open Source Day (OSD), an all-day hackathon for participants of all skill levels to learn about open source while contributing to projects designed to solve real world problems. OSD will be held October 1 as part of this year’s Grace Hopper Celebrations (vGHC). 

During OSD, the women taking part will spend the day diving into the open source world to level up their skills and start contributing code. Participants will work in groups and with the mentors for hands-on learning, tailored to their experience level. 

Hyperledger is an official Open Source Partner Project for OSD and is teaming with maintainers from four Hyperledger projects to introduce participants to its diverse ecosystem. Maintainers from these projects will on hand as guides to both the Hyperledger technologies and the code contribution process:

  • Hyperledger Besu, an Ethereum client designed to be enterprise-friendly for both public and private permissioned network use cases;
  • Hyperledger Cactus, a blockchain integration tool designed to allow users to securely integrate different blockchains; 
  • Hyperledger Indy, a framework that provides tools, libraries, and reusable components for providing digital identities rooted on blockchains or other distributed ledgers; and
  • Firefly, a Hyperledger Lab, a multiparty system for enterprise data flows, powered by blockchain.

For each of these projects, the maintainers have compiled an array of pull requests or tasks that are tagged as “Good First Issues” that participants can tackle as their initial code contributions to Hyperledger. These triaged, non-documentation requests include everything from bug fixes to enhancements to security plug-ins. For those who want to challenge themselves or move deeper into a project, the Hyperledger Cactus list is broken down based on level of experience:

  • Level 100 – Introductory
  • Level 200 – Intermediate
  • Level 300 – Advanced
  • Level 400 – Expert

We want to thank our maintainers Anastasia Lalamentik (FireFly), Grace Hartley (Besu), Justin Florentine (Besu), Linlu Liu (FireFly), Nicko Guyer (FireFly), Peter Somogyvar (Cactus), Renata Toktar (Indy), and Tracy Kuhrt (Cactus) for offering their time and expertise to OSD. They will play a vital role in welcoming the Grace Hopper community into the world of open source and setting them up for success as contributors to Hyperledger and other projects. 

Apr 26
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Help Hyperledger Cactus Advance Climate Action

By Meredith Bennett, David Boswell, Peter Somogyvari and Sherwood Moore Blog, Hyperledger Cactus, Special Interest Group

“Climate change represents an existential threat to humanity and will require the greatest mobilization of resources and collaboration in human history.” – Hyperledger Climate Action and Accounting Special Interest Group

In response to a recent call to action in a previous blog post “Help Us Scale Up Our Operating System for Climate Action,” the Hyperledger Cactus maintainers have decided to do our part by exploring new ways to use blockchain technology to help address challenges with climate change.

The Hyperledger Climate Action and Accounting Special Interest Group (CA2 SIG) has developed a carbon accounting tool that supports multiple smart contracts that operate across different ledgers such as the Ethereum main net and a Hyperledger Fabric network. 

Given that Hyperledger Cactus is a framework to make it easier to create and maintain software that operates across different distributed ledgers, maintainer Peter Somogyvari decided to evaluate what we could do to help. Peter discovered the potential for Cactus to make it easier for the CA2 SIG to perform their important work on the carbon accounting tool. We then put into motion the following three-step action plan:

  1. Create a full-fledged, end-to-end example application for our documentation that will mirror the existing carbon accounting tool, but built on top of Hyperledger Cactus.
    1. This will familiarize us with the carbon accounting tool on a code level and highlight potential feature gaps of Hyperledger Cactus itself.
  2. Organize discovery sessions with the maintainers of the carbon accounting tool at the CA2 SIG to see where and how we can add value by potentially migrating some or all parts of the carbon accounting tool to use Hyperledger Cactus.
  3. Produce a list of first issues that are specific to climate action and carbon accounting for the Hyperledger Cactus issue tracker.

How Can You Help?

As an open source community, Hyperledger relies on the active involvement of people like you. All are welcome and invited to help us use blockchain technology to address climate challenges by applying Cactus to the carbon accounting tool. To get started, take the following steps:

  1. Join our daily interactive pair programming sessions, our mailing list, or chat channel, depending on your personal preferences.
  2. Grab a good first issue in our issue tracker: GFI_Climate_Action_SIG.
  3. Open a bug or feature request if you found a problem or something that is missing.

With your help, we hope to see these outcomes from our action plan:

  1. Lead by example and by doing what we can.
  2. Make the work on the carbon accounting tool easier/faster by leveraging Hyperledger Cactus.
  3. Provide a way for people who wish to contribute to Hyperledger Cactus to help advance climate action by filtering our issue tracker’s contents through the GFI_Climate_Action_SIG label.

Our plan above should demonstrate that it is possible to apply blockchain technology for good.

Solving the existential crisis of climate change is not a zero sum game.

Mar 31
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Hyperledger Cactus: On the Road to General Blockchain Integration

By Peter Somogyvari at Accenture and Hart Montgomery at Fujitsu Laboratories Blog, Hyperledger Cactus

Since its inception as a Hyperledger project almost a year ago, Hyperledger Cactus has come a long way. Today, the maintainers are excited to announce a version 0.4 release that supports many exciting integration applications and moves us in the direction of our “dream” modular architecture.

Hyperledger Cactus is a pluggable enterprise-grade framework to transact on multiple distributed ledgers without introducing yet another competing blockchain. With this project, we aim to provide a decentralized, adaptable and secure integration to and between blockchain networks that is adaptable for various platforms and protocols. Roughly speaking, Cactus consists of “business logic plugins,” which coordinate cross-blockchain integration and “ledger plugins,” which facilitate connections to particular ledgers.

The Hyperledger Cactus v0.4 release includes the following modules:

  • Ledger Plugins – the mechanism to communicate with various DLT platforms
    (Hyperledger Besu, Corda, Corda OS, Hyperledger Fabric, Go-Ethereum, Quorum, Hyperledger Sawtooth)
  • Three  Business Logic Plugin samples – the application integrates multiple blockchains
  • Support Libraries – various utility libraries that make programming business logic plugins easy. These are great for setting up your own applications! 

In fact, it’s very easy to try out Hyperledger Cactus today. We provide instructions for running a sample implementation of the Business Logic Plugins (service applications in Hyperledger Cactus architecture) that takes advantage of various blockchain platform features so you can evaluate Hyperledger Cactus on your own PC.

It is even possible to set up a container with a supply chain example using a single command-line command!  Here is a link to this example. We encourage you to see for yourself how easy it can be to get started with blockchain integration using Hyperledger Cactus.

Our long-term architectural goals for Hyperledger Cactus are to offer a flexible, modular system that allows users to configure blockchain integration systems to exactly fit their needs. We want users to be able to reuse code as much as possible while still avoiding code bloat and duplication in the features that are used. Contributors are working to complete Hyperledger Cactus in line with an architecture that is based on prototype code. Unimplemented features are detailed in the white paper.

Our white paper describes the path of development for Cactus, starting with enumerating various use cases that can be realized with Cactus. We use these use cases to derive and establish basic design principles such as pluggable architectures and modular interfaces. As the result of many long discussions, we have put together an initial architectural design. We present a diagram that showcases this below:

CACTUS Architecture

This diagram is a little bit complicated, but hopefully it allows you to picture the modularity and flexibility of the Hyperledger Cactus system. We want to emphasize that our system design pushes the ledger-specific functionalities as far to the edge as possible in order to maximize ease of development and make applications as ledger-agnostic as possible.

If this seems interesting to you, we’d love to welcome you into the Hyperledger Cactus community. Unlike our project namesake, we are not prickly! Whether you want to contribute or are just interested in using Cactus, we would love to connect.

It’s easy to get in touch with us! The simplest way is to reach out on the Hyperledger Cactus rocketchat. We have pair programming sessions set up for new contributors and users almost daily (please check the Hyperledger calendar), so we’d be more than happy to help if you would like to contribute or want help getting up and running. We look forward to hearing from you!

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